Magetsi emagetsi anoita basa rakakosha muhupenyu hwedu hwemazuva ese - kwatinogara, kushanda uye kutamba.Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, vanoita zvinenge zvese zvinofamba, kufamba.Inosvika zvikamu makumi manomwe kubva muzana zvemagetsi anopedzwa nemaindasitiri anoshandiswa nemagetsi emagetsi.1

Zvingangoita makumi manomwe neshanu muzana emamota eindasitiri ari kushanda anoshandiswa kumhanyisa pombi, mafeni uye macompressor, chikamu chemichina inotapukirwa zvakanyanya nekuvandudzwa kukuru kwekushanda.Aya maapplication anowanzo shanda nekukurumidza, nguva dzese, kunyangwe pazvisingade.Kushanda uku nguva dzose kunopedza simba uye kunogadzira kusingakodzeri kuburitswa kweCO2, asi nekudzora kumhanya kwemota, tinogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemagetsi, kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Imwe nzira yekudzora kumhanya kwemotor ndeye kushandisa variable speed drive (VSD), mudziyo unodzora kumhanya kwemota yemagetsi nekusiyanisa frequency nevoltage zvinopihwa kumota.Nekudzora kumhanya kwemota, dhiraivha inogona kuderedza mashandisiro emagetsi (semuenzaniso, kudzikisa kumhanya kwemidziyo inotenderera ne20 muzana kunogona kuderedza zvinodikanwa zvesimba rekuisa neanenge makumi mashanu muzana) uye kupa kuvandudzwa kwakanyanya mukutonga kwemaitiro uye mutengo wakakosha wekuchengetedza kwehupenyu hwese. ye moAs inobatsira seVSDs ndeyekuchengetedza simba mumashandisirwo mazhinji, anogona kukonzera kutadza kwemota nguva isati yakwana kana isina kunyatsodzika pasi.Kunyangwe paine zvakawanda zvakasiyana zvikonzero zvekutadza kwemagetsi mota, nyaya inonyanyozivikanwa kana uchishandisa drive kutadza kunokonzerwa neyakajairwa modhi voltage.

Kukuvadza kunokonzerwa ne common mode voltage

Mune matatu-phase AC system, yakajairika mode voltage inogona kutsanangurwa sekusaenzana kuripo pakati pezvikamu zvitatu zvakagadzirwa nepulse wide modulated simba rekutyaira, kana mutsauko wevolti pakati pesimba repasi uye nzvimbo isina kwayakarerekera yetatu- phase load.Uku kuchinjika kwakajairwa modhi yemagetsi inokwevera voltage pane shaft yemota, uye iyi shaft voltage inogona kubuda nemumhepo kana kuburikidza nemabhengi.Madhizaini emazuva ano einjiniya, phase insulation uye inverter spike-resistant waya inogona kubatsira kuchengetedza mamhepo;zvisinei, apo rotor inoona kuvaka kwemagetsi spikes, ikozvino inotsvaga nzira yekudzivirira kushoma pasi.Muchiitiko chemotokari yemagetsi, nzira iyi inomhanya zvakananga kuburikidza nemabhengi.

Sezvo mabearings emota anoshandisa girisi pakuzora, mafuta ari mugirizi anoumba firimu rinoita se dielectric, zvinoreva kuti rinogona kufambisa masimba emagetsi pasina conduction.Nokufamba kwenguva, iyi dielectric inoputsika.Pasina iyo yekuvharisa zvimiro zvegirisi, iyo shaft voltage inobuda kuburikidza nemabhengi, ipapo kuburikidza neimba yemota, kuwana magetsi pasi pasi.Uku kufamba kwemagetsi ikozvino kunokonzera arcing mumabearings, anowanzonzi magetsi ekubudisa machining (EDM).Sezvo uku kuenderera mberi kwekutenderera kuchiitika nekufamba kwenguva, nzvimbo dzepamusoro mujaho rekutakura dzinoita brittle, uye zvidimbu zvidiki zvesimbi zvinogona kutsemuka mukati meberengi.Pakupedzisira, chinhu chakakuvadzwa chinoshanda pakati pemabhora emujaho uye nhangemutange, zvichikonzera kugaya, izvo zvinogona kuburitsa micron-sized pitting, inodaidzwa kuti frosting, kana washboard-like ridges mumujaho wekutakura, unonzi fluting.

Mamwe ma motors anogona kuramba achimhanya sezvo kukuvadzwa kunowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, pasina kana nyaya dzinoonekwa.Chiratidzo chekutanga chekutakura kukuvadza kunowanzoita ruzha runonzwika, nekuda kwekutakura mabhora anofamba pamusoro penzvimbo dzine pitted uye frosted.Asi panoitika ruzha urwu, kukuvara kwacho kunowanzo kuve kwakakura zvekuti kukundikana kuri pedyo.

Grounded in kudzivirira

Zvishandiso zveindasitiri hazviwanzo sangana nematambudziko ekubereka aya pamamota anomhanyisa, asi mune kumwe kuisa, senge zvivakwa zvekutengesa uye mabatirwo emukwende wendege, kugadzika kwakasimba hakuwanzo kuwanikwa.Muzviitiko izvi, imwe nzira inofanira kushandiswa kutsausa ichi chiripo kubva kumabheri.Mhinduro yakajairika ndeyekuwedzera shaft yekumisa mudziyo kune imwe magumo emota shaft, kunyanya mumashandisirwo ayo akajairika mode voltage anogona kuwanda.Iyo shaft pasi inzira yekubatanidza inotenderera rotor yemotor kuenda pasi pasi kuburikidza nefuremu yemota.Kuwedzera shaft yekumisikidza mudziyo kumota isati yaiswa (kana kutenga mota ine imwe isati yaiswa) inogona kuve mutengo mudiki kubhadhara kana uchienzaniswa nemutengo tag yemitengo yekugadzirisa ine chekuita nekutakura kutsiva, tisingarevi mutengo wakakura we kunonoka mune imwe nzvimbo.

Kune akati wandei akajairwa mhando dzeshaft grounding zvishandiso muindastiri nhasi, senge kabhoni mabhurashi, mhete-style fiber mabhurashi uye grounding kutakura zvitsaura, uye dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira mabhengi dziripowo.

Mabhurashi eCarbon anga achishandiswa kweanopfuura makore zana uye akafanana nekabhoni mabhurashi anoshandiswa paDC motor commutators.Grounding brushes inopa kubatana kwemagetsi pakati pezvikamu zvinotenderera uye zvakamira zvemagetsi emagetsi emotokari uye kutora ikozvino kubva kune rotor kusvika pasi kuitira kuti mutero urege kuvaka pa rotor kusvika painobuda kuburikidza nemabheya.Grounding brushes inopa inoshanda uye ine hupfumi nzira yekupa yakaderera-impedance nzira yepasi, kunyanya kune yakakura furemu mota;zvisinei, havasi vasina zvipingamupinyi zvavo.Sezvinoita maDC motors, mabhurashi anopfeka nekuda kwekusangana kwemuchina neshaft, uye, zvisinei nedhizaini yemubati webhurashi, gungano rinofanirwa kuongororwa nguva nenguva kuti rive nechokwadi chekubatana kwakaringana pakati pemabhurashi uye shaft.

Shaft-grounding rings dzinoshanda se carbon brush, asi dzine tambo dzakawanda dzemagetsi conductive fiber akarongwa mukati memhete yakatenderedza shaft.Kunze kwemhete, iyo inowanzoiswa kumagumo emota, inoramba yakamira, nepo mabhurashi achikwira pamusoro pemota shaft, achitungamira ikozvino kuburikidza nemabhurashi uye zvakachengeteka pasi.Shaft-grounding mhete dzinogona kuiswa mukati memotor, ichibvumira kuti ishandiswe pawashdown duty uye tsvina yebasa motors.Hapana shaft grounding nzira yakakwana, zvisinei, uye zvindori zvekugadzika zvakaiswa kunze zvinowanzounganidza zvinosvibisa pamabristles avo, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kushanda kwavo.

Grounding kutakura zvitsaura zvinosanganisa matekinoroji maviri: maviri-chikamu, asiri kuonana akasarudzika shield inoshandisa labyrinth dhizaini kudzivirira ingress yezvinosvibisa uye simbi rotor uye yakazvimiririra conductive filament mhete kutsausa shaft currents kure nemabearings.Sezvo michina iyi ichidzivirirawo kurasikirwa kwemafuta uye kusvibiswa, inotsiva yakajairwa zvisimbiso uye zvechinyakare zvinotakura zvinotsaura.

Imwe nzira yekudzivirira kubuda kwezvino kuburikidza nemabhengi ndeyekugadzira mabheji kubva kune isiri-conducting material.Mumabhora eceramic, mabhora eceramic-akavharwa anodzivirira mabearings nekudzivirira shaft ikozvino kuyerera kuburikidza nemabhengi kuenda kumota.Sezvo pasina magetsi emagetsi anoyerera kuburikidza nemabheji emotokari, pane mukana muduku wezvino-induced kupfeka;zvisinei, yazvino ichatsvaga nzira yekuenda pasi, zvinoreva kuti ichapfuura nemumidziyo yakabatanidzwa.Sezvo ceramic bearings isingazobvise ikozvino kubva kune rotor, chete yakananga-drive application inokurudzirwa kune mota dzine ceramic bearings.Zvimwe zvipingamupinyi mutengo weiyo dhizaini yekutakura mota uye chokwadi chekuti mabearings anowanzo kuwanikwa anosvika saizi 6311 chete.

Pamamotor akakura kupfuura zana remabhiza, zvinogaro kurudzirwa kuti insulated fani iiswe kune yakatarisana kumagumo emota panoisirwa shaft grounding mudziyo, zvisinei nekuti ndeupi rudzi rwekumisa shaft runoshandiswa.

Matatu matatu akasiyana ekumhanyisa dhiraivha yekuisa matipi

Zvitatu zvinotariswa zveinjiniya yekugadzirisa kana uchiedza kudzikisa yakajairika mode voltage mune inosiyana yekumhanyisa maapplication ndeiyi:

1. Ita shuwa kuti mota (uye mota system) yakadzikwa zvakanaka.
2. Sarudza iyo yakakodzera inotakura frequency chiyero, iyo inoderedza mazinga eruzha pamwe nekusaenzana kwevoltage.
3. Kana shaft yekumisa mudziyo ichionekwa sechinodikanwa, sarudza imwe inoshanda zvakanyanya kune application.

Kana iyo inotakura ikozvino iripo, hapana saizi imwe inokodzera mhinduro yese.Izvo zvakakosha kuti mutengi uye mota uye dhiraivha mutengesi ashande pamwe chete kuti aone mhinduro yakakodzera pane chaiyo application.