Mamiriro ezvinhu aripo uye nzira yekusimudzira yekubereka simbi

Bearings anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumichina yemigodhi, maturusi emuchina chaiwo, midziyo yesimbi, midziyo inorema uye mota dzepamusoro-soro nemimwe minda mikuru yemidziyo, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emhepo, chitima chenjanji chinomhanya kwazvo uye aerospace uye mamwe maindasitiri ari kubuda. kunyanya pasi-pasi-mabheya uye madiki uye epakati-kati, kuratidza yakaderera-yekupedzisira yakasara uye kushayikwa kwepamusoro.Kuenzaniswa nenyika dzekunze, kune gaka guru repamusoro-soro uye mabheji makuru.

China high-speed railway passenger cars special matching wheelset bearings ese anoda kutengwa kubva kunze kwenyika.Mumakiyi mabearings anoshandiswa mumhepo, njanji inomhanya, mota dzepamusoro nedzimwe nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri, pane mukaha mukuru pakati peChinese bearings uye. epamusoro maererano nehupenyu hwebasa, kuvimbika, kukosha kweDn uye kutakura simba.Semuyenzaniso, hupenyu hwesevhisi yekutakura mota dzekunze dzinenge 500,000 makiromita, nepo hupenyu hwesevhisi hwemabhengi epamba akafanana anenge makiromita 100,000, uye kuvimbika uye kugadzikana varombo.

1. Ndege

Sechikamu chakakosha cheinjini yeaero-injini, chizvarwa chechipiri aero-injini inotakura ine thrust ratio ye15-20 iri kuvandudzwa kunze kwenyika, iyo yakagadzirira kuunganidzirwa muchizvarwa chechishanu kurwira kusvika 2020. Mumakore gumi apfuura, United States yakagadzira simbi yechizvarwa chechipiri yeaero-injini, iyo inomiririra mhando dzesimbi dzinoti CSS-42L, simbi yakakwira yakasimba isingaite ngura ine 500 ℃ resistance, uye X30 (Cronidur30), high nitrogen corrosion resisting simbi ine. 350 ℃ kuramba.China iri kugadzira chizvarwa chechipiri cheaero-injini.

2. Mota

Pamabhengi emotokari, yekutanga uye yechipiri chizvarwa chehub bearings (ball bearings) inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muChina, nepo yechitatu yechizvarwa hub bearings yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muEurope.Zvakanakira zvikuru zvechizvarwa chechitatu hub bearings kuvimbika, short payload spacing. , nyore kugadzika, hapana kugadzirisa, compact chimiro uye zvichingodaro.Parizvino, mamodheru akawanda anotengeswa kunze kwenyika muChina anoshandisa lightweight uye integrated structure hub bearings.

3. Railway rolling stock

Parizvino, mabearings anoshandiswa muchitima cheChina njanji inorema-haul anogadzirwa nemagetsi emagetsi anogadziridza G20CrNi2MoA carburized steel. Uye kunze kwenyika kune kuchena kwepamusoro kwesimbi inotakura (EP) kunyungudutsa simbi uye vacuum degassing inclusion homogenization tekinoroji (IQ) simbi, hupenyu hwakareba. tekinoroji yesimbi (TF) simbi, mhando yakanaka, uye tekinoroji yekurapa kupisa, nzira yekuomesa pamusoro uye tekinoroji yekuisa chisimbiso yekuzora yakashandiswa pakubereka kugadzirwa nekugadzira, nekudaro inowedzera zvakanyanya hupenyu hwebasa rekubereka uye kuvimbika. Hunhu hweChinese electroslag kubereka simbi haina kungodzikira chete, asiwo mutengo unosvika 2000-3000 yuan/ton yakakwirira kupfuura yevacuum degassing simbi.Mune ramangwana, China inoda kugadzira vacuum degassing inotakura simbi ine ultra-high kuchena, yakanaka mhando, homogenization uye yakagadzikana mhando kutsiva iko kushandiswa kwe electroslag inotakura simbi.

Tsvagiridzo yeramangwana uye nzira yekusimudzira yeKutakura simbi muChina

Inonyanya kuratidzwa muzvikamu zvina:

1. Kuchena mune zveupfumi

Pasi pemamiriro ekufunga nezvehupfumi, hutsanana hwesimbi hunowedzera kuvandudzwa, izvo zveokisijeni uye titanium musimbi zvinoderedzwa, uye chikamu chikuru cheokisijeni uye titanium mukutakura simbi isingasviki 6 × 10-6 uye 15 × 10- 6, zvichiteerana.Izvo zvinyorwa uye hukuru hwekubatanidzwa musimbi zvakaderedzwa, uye kugovera kufanana kunovandudzwa.

2. Kugadziridzwa kwesangano uye homogenization

Kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweiyo alloying dhizaini uye inodzorwa kutenderedza uye inodzorwa kutonhora maitiro, kufanana kweiyo inclusions uye carbides inowedzerwa kuvandudzwa, iyo yakadzokororwa uye yakasungwa carbides inoderedzwa uye inobviswa, chiyero chehukuru uye hukuru hwechikamu saizi inoderedzwa, uye avhareji saizi yecarbides. iri pasi pe 1μ m. Kukura kwezviyo zvesimbi inotakura inowedzera kucheneswa nekuvandudza saizi yezviyo zvematrix chimiro.

3. Deredza kukanganisa kwenyama shoma-simba

Uyezve kuderedza porosity yepakati, yepakati shrinkage cavity uye nechepakati chikamu chekuparadzanisa mukutakura simbi, kuvandudza kufanana kwesimba rakaderera-simba.

4. Kuoma kwepamusoro kwesimbi inotakura

Kuomarara kwesimbi yekutakura kwakavandudzwa nealloying nyowani, inopisa rolling process optimization uye tsvakiridzo yekupisa kurapwa.(China Steel Research & Development Strategy Institute)

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